Mathematical and Physical Journal
for High Schools
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Problem C. 1876. (November 2025)

C. 1876. Winnie the Pooh tries to decide whether the following statement is true: 'If 30 days of a given year is chosen, there will not necessarily be at least five of them falling on the same day of the week.' He proposes the following argument: 'The statement is false. The day's of the week are the pigeon holes, and let's fill them with pigeons corresponding to the chosen days. We can distribute 28 (identical) pigeons such that every pigeon hole contains exactly 4 pigeons, however, the \(\displaystyle 29^{\text{th}}\) pigeon will surely be placed in a pigeon hole containing four pigeons, therefore there must be a day of the week containing at least five of the chosen days.' Pooh's friend, Christopher Robin points out the missing part of the argument: 'Pooh, you've only considered seven cases: when each pigeon hole contains four pigeons, except for one containing five'. How many cases were omitted by Pooh?

Based on the idea of László Németh, Fonyód

(5 pont)

Deadline expired on December 10, 2025.


Sorry, the solution is available only in Hungarian. Google translation

Megoldás. A kihagyott esetek számának megállapításához határozzuk meg, hogy hányféleképpen lehet 29 (ugyanolyan) golyót betenni 7 darab (különböző) skatulyába. Mivel a golyók ugyanolyanok, így csak arra kell figyelnünk, hogy melyik skatulyába hány darab golyó kerül. Ekkor az ismétléses kombináció képlete alapján \(\displaystyle \binom{35}{29} = 1\,623\,160\) lehetőség adódik. Micimackó a hiányos indoklásában csak hetet vizsgált meg, így tehát \(\displaystyle 1\,623\,153\) esetben nem bizonyította az állítást.


Statistics:

56 students sent a solution.
5 points:Bári Bercel, Budai Máté, Fülöp Magdaléna, Jakab Dávid, Németh Ábel, Papp Máté Milán, Yan Zhebeier.
3 points:32 students.
2 points:6 students.
1 point:5 students.
0 point:2 students.
Unfair, not evaluated:3 solutionss.

Problems in Mathematics of KöMaL, November 2025