Mathematical and Physical Journal
for High Schools
Issued by the MATFUND Foundation
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Problem K. 673. (November 2020)

K. 673. The students in a class (we do not know how many of them there are) decided that everyone would buy some small present to everyone else for Christmas, and they would also buy some present together for each of their 11 teachers. Unfortunately, the Christmas party was cancelled. Then they decided to divide the presents equally among all the siblings of the students. (Each sibling gets the same present.) Was that possible if the total number of siblings was 15?

(6 pont)

Deadline expired on December 10, 2020.


Sorry, the solution is available only in Hungarian. Google translation

Megoldás. Jelölje az osztály tanulónak létszámát \(\displaystyle x\). Ekkor az osztálytársak egymásnak vásárolt ajándékainak száma \(\displaystyle x(x–1)\), a tanároknak vásárolt ajándékokkal együtt összesen \(\displaystyle x(x–1)+11\) ajándékot vettek. A kérdés, hogy van-e olyan \(\displaystyle x\), amelyre ez a szám osztható \(\displaystyle 15\)-tel. Ehhez szükséges lenne, hogy \(\displaystyle x(x–1)\) \(\displaystyle 15\)-tel osztva \(\displaystyle 4\)-et adjon maradékul. Ez viszont azt jelentené, hogy \(\displaystyle x(x–1)\) \(\displaystyle 3\)-mal osztva \(\displaystyle 1\)-et ad maradékul. Ez nem lehetséges, mert ha valamelyikük osztható \(\displaystyle 3\)-mal, akkor a maradék \(\displaystyle 0\), ha pedig egyikük sem osztható \(\displaystyle 3\)-mal, akkor \(\displaystyle x\) \(\displaystyle 2\)-t, \(\displaystyle x–1\) \(\displaystyle 1\)-et ad maradékul \(\displaystyle 3\)-mal osztva, és a szorzatuk így \(\displaystyle 2\)-t ad maradékul \(\displaystyle 3\)-mal osztva.


Statistics:

118 students sent a solution.
6 points:67 students.
5 points:20 students.
4 points:7 students.
3 points:5 students.
2 points:5 students.
1 point:6 students.
0 point:2 students.
Unfair, not evaluated:5 solutionss.
Not shown because of missing birth date or parental permission:1 solutions.

Problems in Mathematics of KöMaL, November 2020