Mathematical and Physical Journal
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Problem P. 5217. (March 2020)

P. 5217. The radioactive carbon-14 isotope is constantly produced in the atmosphere by the cosmic rays. Nonetheless, the amount of \(\displaystyle {}^{14}\mathrm{C}\) on the Earth is constant, because at a height of 5-9 km, as a result of the reaction \(\displaystyle \mathrm{n}+{}^{14}\mathrm{N}~\rightarrow~ {}^{14}\mathrm{C}+\mathrm{p}\), an average of \(\displaystyle 17\,600\) \(\displaystyle {}^{14}\mathrm{C}\) isotopes are produced in each second on each square metre – projected to the surface of the Earth. The half-life of the isotope is 5730 years.

Estimate how many tons of \(\displaystyle {}^{14}\mathrm{C}\) are present on the Earth.

(4 pont)

Deadline expired on April 14, 2020.


Sorry, the solution is available only in Hungarian. Google translation

Megoldás. Ha 1 négyzetméternyi földfelület felett \(\displaystyle N_0\) számú \(\displaystyle ^{14}\rm C\) izotóp található, akkor ennek a mennyiségnek az aktivitása:

\(\displaystyle N_0 \frac{\ln 2}{T_{1/2}}=17\,600~\rm s^{-1},\)

ahonnan

\(\displaystyle N_0=4{,}59\cdot 10^{15}=7{,}65\cdot10^{-9}~\rm mol.\)

Ezt az izotóp \(\displaystyle 14~\frac{\rm g }{\rm mol}\) moltömegével megszorozva \(\displaystyle 1{,}07\cdot10^{-13}~\frac{\rm tonna}{\rm m^2}\) értéket kapunk. Mivel a Föld felszíne kb. \(\displaystyle 5{,}1\cdot 10^{14}~\rm m^2\), a légkörben lévő \(\displaystyle ^{14}\rm C\) mennyisége kb. 54,4 tonna.


Statistics:

35 students sent a solution.
4 points:Békési Ábel, Bokor Endre, Csapó Tamás, Endrész Balázs, Jánosik Áron, Jánosik Máté, Kertész Balázs, Ludányi Levente, Mócza Tamás István, Nguyễn Đức Anh Quân, Selmi Bálint, Takács Dóra, Toronyi András, Tóth Ábel, Varga Vázsony, Vass Bence, Viczián Anna.
3 points:Bonifert Balázs, Fiam Regina, Hamar Dávid, Sas 202 Mór, Schäffer Bálint, Szász Levente, Téglás Panna.
2 points:2 students.
1 point:1 student.
0 point:4 students.
Unfair, not evaluated:4 solutionss.

Problems in Physics of KöMaL, March 2020